Typical compaction pressures are in the range of 200-400 MPa (2-4 t/cm2) but can reach 1000 MPa (using hardmetal dies and punches). The green density (compact density) is in the range of 55-65% of the theoretical density (75% at most) and it depends upon the applied pressure, particle size, size distribution, particle shape, and size of the compact. There are several theoretical equations relating green density and applied pressure, but in practice empirical relations are used.
The relationship between the average particle size and the green density as well as the compressive strength of compacts is shown in Fig. 5.31 for a const ant pressure. Although the green density increases as average particel size varies from 1 to 9µm, the compressive strength exhibits a maximum, between 3 and 61 µm. This maximum corresponds to the preferred particle size range for most tungsten compacts.
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