3.3 Bonding of Tungsten
Mechanical Joining. Mechanical joining, such as riveting, tacking, or lacing, comprises the simplest methods of joining tungsten, provided the joint need not be impermeable to liquids and/or gases. Tungsten and molybdenum parts can be used. Mechanical fastening is used for constructional parts, such as heating elements, containers, large shields, etc.
Brazing. The parts to be joined must be free from grease, oils, oxides, or other impurities. As tungsten is very sensitive to oxidation, brazing must be carried out under a protective gas, hydrogen, or in vacuum. If maximum strength of the joint is required, tungsten has to be brazed below its recrystallization temperature. Typical brazing metals and temperatures are; Rh (1970℃), Ni (1430℃), or AgCu20Pd15 (700-900℃). More derailed information is available. Brazing of tungsten to ceramics, graphite, and silicon has gained importance for the fabrication of refractory-metal composites.
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